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Cholinium-based ionic liquids made of aminoate anions ([Ch][AA] ILs) have been proven to have low toxicity and to be readily biodegradable. This class of ILs has great potential as a novel phase-forming component for aqueous two-phase system (ATPS) used in protein separation. In this study, environmentally benign ATPSs were prepared by using a series of [Ch][AA] ILs (where [AA] = lysinate, β-alaninate, glycinate, serinate) with a thermo-separable polypropylene glycol 400 (PPG 400). These [AA] anion components differ in both hydrophobicity and acid/base behavior, allowing a tunable response to the pH of the ATPS. By using the effective excluded volume theory, the phase-separation abilities of the different [Ch][AA]-based ATPSs were determined, and the trends showed good agreement with the [AA] anion hydration capacities. The partition behavior of a model protein, i.e., bovine serum albumin (BSA), was investigated by measuring the IL-rich (bottom) phase extraction efficiency and partition coefficient. The r...

Green, Aqueous Two-Phase Systems Based on Cholinium Aminoate Ionic Liquids with Tunable Hydrophobicity and Charge Density