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Multi-junction solar cells provide a path to overcome the efficiency limitsof standard silicon solar cells by harvesting more efficiently a broader rangeof the solar spectrum. However, Si-based multi-junction architectures arehindered by incomplete harvesting in the near-infrared (near-IR) spectralrange, as Si sub-cells have weak absorption close to the band gap. Here, weintroduce an integrated near-field/far-field light trapping scheme to enhancethe efficiency of silicon-based multi-junction solar cells in the near-IRrange. To achieve this, we design a nanopatterned diffractive silverback-reflector featuring a scattering matrix that optimizes trapping ofmultiply-scattered light into a range of diffraction angles. We minimizereflection to the 0th-order and parasitic plasmonic absorption in the silver byengineering destructive interference in the patterned back contact. Numericaland experimental assessment of the optimal design on the performance ofsingle-junction Si TOPCon solar cells highlights an improved external quantumefficiency (EQE) over a planar back-reflector (+1.52 mA/cm2). Nanopatternedmetagrating back-reflectors are fabricated on GaInP/GaInAsP//Si two-terminaltriple-junction solar cells via Substrate Conformal Imprint Lithography (SCIL)and characterized optically and electronically, demonstrating a powerconversion efficiency improvement of +0.9%abs over the planar reference.Overall, our work demonstrates the potential of nanophotonic light trapping forenhancing the efficiency of silicon-based multi-junction solar cells, pavingthe way for more efficient and sustainable solar energy technologies.

acs photonics

Nano-patterned back-reflector with engineered near-field/far-field light  scattering for enhanced light trapping in silicon-based multi-junction solar  cells