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A novel triazole-bridged coumarin-benzimidazole-conjugated fluorescence sensor ( 4 ) has been developed for selective detection of Cd 2+ over other competitive metal ions. The sensor exhibited quick "turn-on" responses upon interaction with a very low level of Cd 2+ (14 nM). The photophysical changes in the complexation of Cd 2+ with sensor 4 have been explained through the excited-state intramolecular proton transfer mechanism. The involvement of benzimidazole and triazole moieties in Cd 2+ binding was confirmed by different spectroscopic techniques such as UV-vis, Fourier transform infrared, nuclear magnetic resonance, and ESI mass. The diameter of the circular shape of the sensor decreased upon complexation with Cd 2+ , which was confirmed by field-emission scanning electron microscopy. Furthermore, the quantum chemical (density functional theory) calculation supported the mechanism of interactions and the mode of binding of 4 toward Cd 2+ . The sensor was more effective for finding Cd 2+ in two living cells, C6 (rat glial cell) and Hep G2 (human liver cell).

Strategy to Design a Flexible and Macromolecular Sensor to Bind Cd2+ Ions: A Complete Photophysical Analysis and Bio-Imaging Study

Strategy to Design a Flexible and Macromolecular Sensor to Bind Cd²⁺ Ions: A Complete Photophysical Analysis and Bio-Imaging Study