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Current methods for capturing circulating tumor cells (CTCs) are based on theoverexpression of cytokeratin (CK) or epithelial cell-adhesion molecule (EpCAM)on cancer cells. However, during the process of metastasis, tumor cells undergoepithelial to mesenchymal transition (EMT) that can lead to the loss ofCK/EpCAM expression. Therefore, it is vital to develop a capturing techniqueindependent of CK/EpCAM expression on the cancer cell. To develop thistechnique, it is important to identify common secondary oncogenic markersoverexpressed on tumor cells before and after EMT. We analyzed the biomarkerexpression levels in tumor cells, before and after EMT, and found two commonproteins human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (Her2) and epidermal growthfactor receptor (EGFR) whose levels remained unaffected. So, we synthesizedimmunomagnetic iron nanocubes covalently conjugated with antibodies of Her2 orEGFR to capture cancer cells irrespective of the EMT status. The nanocubesshowed high specificity (6 to 9 fold) in isolating the cancer cells of interestfrom a mixture of cells spiked in serum. We characterized the captured cellsfor identifying their EMT status. Thus, we believe the results presented herewould help in the development of novel strategies for capturing both primaryand metastatic cancer cells from patients blood to develop an effectivetreatment plan.

Magnetic Iron Nanocubes Effectively Capture Epithelial and Mesenchymal Cancer Cells