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Two-dimensional (2D) semiconducting transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDCs)and black phosphorus (BP) have beneficial electronic, optical, and physicalproperties at the few-layer limit. As atomically thin materials, 2D TMDCs andBP are highly sensitive to their environment and chemical modification,resulting in a strong dependence of their properties on substrate effects,intrinsic defects, and extrinsic adsorbates. Furthermore, the integration of 2Dsemiconductors into electronic and optoelectronic devices introduces uniquechallenges at metal-semiconductor and dielectric-semiconductor interfaces.Here, we review emerging efforts to understand and exploit chemical effects toinfluence the properties of 2D TMDCs and BP. In some cases, surface chemistryleads to significant degradation, thus necessitating the development of robustpassivation schemes. On the other hand, appropriately designed chemicalmodification can be used to beneficially tailor electronic properties, such ascontrolling doping levels and charge carrier concentrations. Overall, chemicalmethods allow substantial tunability of the properties of 2D TMDCs and BP,thereby enabling significant future opportunities to optimize performance fordevice applications.

Chemically Tailoring Semiconducting Two-Dimensional Transition Metal Dichalcogenides and Black Phosphorus