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Rare-earth ion ensembles doped in single crystals are a promising materialssystem with widespread applications in optical signal processing, lasing, andquantum information processing. Incorporating rare-earth ions into integratedphotonic devices could enable compact lasers and modulators, as well as on-chipoptical quantum memories for classical and quantum optical applications. Tothis end, a thin film single crystalline wafer structure that is compatiblewith planar fabrication of integrated photonic devices would be highlydesirable. However, incorporating rare-earth ions into a thin film form-factorwhile preserving their optical properties has proven challenging. Wedemonstrate an integrated photonic platform for rare-earth ions doped in asingle crystalline thin film on insulator. The thin film is composed of lithiumniobate doped with Tm3+. The ions in the thin film exhibit optical lifetimesidentical to those measured in bulk crystals. We show narrow spectral holes ina thin film waveguide that require up to 2 orders of magnitude lower power togenerate than previously reported bulk waveguides. Our results pave way forscalable on-chip lasers, optical signal processing devices, and integratedoptical quantum memories.

An Integrated Photonic Platform for Rare-Earth Ions in Thin Film Lithium Niobate