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Surface states are ubiquitous to semiconductors and significantly impact thephysical properties and consequently the performance of optoelectronic devices.Moreover, surface effects are strongly amplified in lower dimensional systemssuch as quantum wells and nanostructures. Layered halide perovskites (LHPs) are2D solution-processed natural quantum wells, where optoelectronic propertiescan be tuned by varying the perovskite layer thickness. They are efficientsemiconductors with technologically relevant stability. Here, a generic elasticmodel and electronic structure modelling are applied to LHPs heterostructureswith various layer thickness. We show that the relaxation of the interfacestrain is triggered by perovskite layers above a critical thickness. This leadsto the release of the mechanical energy arising from the lattice mismatch,which nucleates the surface reorganization and consequently the formation oflower energy edge states. These states, which are absent in 3D perovskites,dominate the optoelectronic properties of LHPs and are anticipated to play acrucial role in the design of LHPs for optoelectronics devices.

The role of lattice mismatch on the emergence of surface states in 2D hybrid perovskite quantum wells