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The band structure of many semiconducting monolayer transition metaldichalcogenides (TMDs) possesses two degenerate valleys, with equal andopposite Berry curvature. It has been predicted that, when illuminated withcircularly polarized light, interband transitions generate an unbalancednon-equilibrium population of electrons and holes in these valleys, resultingin a finite Hall voltage at zero magnetic field when a current flows throughthe system. This is the so-called valley Hall effect that has recently beenobserved experimentally. Here, we show that this effect is mediated byphoto-generated neutral excitons and charged trions, and not by inter-bandtransitions generating independent electrons and holes. We further demonstratean experimental strategy, based on wavelength dependent spatial mapping of theHall voltage, which allows the exciton and trion contributions to the valleyHall effect to be discriminated in the measurement. These results represent asignificant step forward in our understanding of the microscopic origin ofphoto-induced valley Hall effect in semiconducting transition metaldichalcogenides, and demonstrate experimentally that composite quasi-particles,such as trions, can also possess a finite Berry curvature.

Microscopic Origin of the Valley Hall Effect in Transition Metal Dichalcogenides Revealed by Wavelength Dependent Mapping