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Realizing a state of matter in two dimensions has repeatedly proven a novelroute of discovering new physical phenomena. Van der Waals (vdW) materials havebeen at the center of these now extensive research activities. They offer anatural way of producing a monolayer of matter simply by mechanicalexfoliation. This work demonstrates that the possible multiferroic state withcoexisting antiferromagnetic and ferroelectric orders possibly persists down tothe bilayer flake of NiI$_{2}$. By exploiting the optical second-harmonicgeneration technique, both magnitude and direction of the ferroelectric order,arising from the cycloidal spin order, are successfully traced. The possiblemultiferroic state's transition temperature decreases from 58 K for the bulk toabout 20 K for the bilayer. Our observation will spur extensive efforts todemonstrate multi-functionality in vdW materials, which have been tried mostlyby using heterostructures of singly ferroic ones until now.

Possible persistence of multiferroic order down to bilayer limit of van der Waals material NiI$_{2}$