English (United Kingdom)

https://curated-unify.zendy.io/wp-json/zendy-region/v1/featured_content/oa?rat=en

https://curated-unify.zendy.io/wp-json/zendy-region/v1/highlighted_journal/

Global: Zendy Plus annual

Presents the access of premium content as premium feature

Premium Content

Presents the keyphrase highlighting as premium feature

Keyphrase Highlighting

Presents the summarisation as premium feature

Summarisation

Insights

Presents the pdf analysis as premium feature

PDF Analysis

Presents the zaia usage as premium feature

ZAIA

Global: Zendy Tools annual

Global: Zendy Free Plan

Global: Zendy Tools monthly

Global: Zendy Plus monthly

Fluorescent carbon dots (CDs) are of interest as a promising alternative to quantum dots, partly because they do not include heavy metals. However, most CDs exhibit blue or green emission, while red-emitting CDs are required for a variety of applications. In the present work, CDs were synthesized by refluxing three phenylenediamine (PD) isomers with amino groups at different positions ( o -PD, m -PD, and p -PD) in diphenyl ether at 250 °C for 4 h. Upon dispersing the resulting CDs in eight solvents with different polarities, emission colors ranging from green to red were observed. Among these CDs, p -PD-derived CDs exhibited both the longest emission wavelength range, from 538 to 635 nm, and the highest absolute red photoluminescence quantum yield (PLQY) of 15%. Herein the results are discussed based on a comparison of the polymerization processes of o -PD, m -PD, and p -PD. This work demonstrated that the optimum reaction time was 2 h, which yields a p -PD-derived CD dispersion in methanol with red emission and an absolute PLQY as high as 18%. Additionally, the use of 1-decanol and deuterated methanol in place of methanol improved the maximum absolute PLQY to 25% and 36%, respectively. These improved values are attributed to reduced concentration quenching by suppression of π-π stacking interactions and inhibition of the nonradiative relaxation process through the vibration of OH groups, respectively.

Fluorescence Solvatochromism of Carbon Dot Dispersions Prepared from Phenylenediamine and Optimization of Red Emission