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The mean free paths of low-energy electrons in liquid water are offundamental importance for modelling radiation damage and many relatedphysico-chemical processes. Neither theoretical predictions nor experimentalestimations have so far converged to yield reliable values for theseparameters. We therefore introduce a new approach to determine the elastic andinelastic mean free paths (EMFP, IMFP) based on experimental data. We reportextensive ab-initio calculations of electron quantum scattering with waterclusters, which are brought to convergence with respect to the cluster size.This provides a first-principles approach to condensed-phase scattering thatincludes both multiple-scattering and condensation effects. The obtaineddifferential cross sections are used in a detailed Monte-Carlo simulation toextract EMFP and IMFP from two recent liquid-microjet experiments thatdetermined the effective attenuation length (EAL) and the photoelectron angulardistribution (PAD) following oxygen 1s-ionization of liquid water. For electronkinetic energies from 10 eV to 300 eV, we find that the IMFP is noticeablylarger than the EAL. The EMFP is longer than that of gas-phase water and theIMFP is longer compared to the latest theoretical estimations, but both theEMFP and IMFP are much shorter than suggested by experimental results foramorphous ice. The Python module developed for the analysis is available athttps://gitlab.com/axelschild/CLstunfti and can be used to further refine ourresults when new experimental data become available.

An alternative approach for the determination of mean free paths of electron scattering in liquid water based on experimental data