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This work reveals a counter-intuitive but basic process of ionic screening innano-fluidic channels. Steady-state numerical simulations and mathematicalanalysis show that, under significant longitudinal ionic transport, thescreening ionic charges can be locally inverted in the channels: their chargesign becomes the same as that of the channel surface charges. The process isidentified to originate from the coupling of ionic electro-diffusion transportand junction 2-D electrostatics. This finding may expand our understanding onionic screening and electrical double layers in nano-channels. Furthermore, thecharge inversion process results in a body-force torque on channel fluids,which is a possible mechanism for vortex generation in the channels and theirnonlinear current-voltage characteristics.

Transport-induced inversion of screening ionic charges in nanochannels