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Natural and artificial light harvesting systems often operate in a regimewhere the flux of photons is relatively low. Besides absorbing as many photonsas possible it is therefore paramount to prevent excitons from annihilation viaphoton re-emission until they have undergone an irreversible energy conversionprocess. Taking inspiration from photosynthetic antenna structures, we hereconsider ring-like systems and introduce a class of states we call ratchets:excited states capable of absorbing but not emitting light. This allows ourantennae to absorb further photons whilst retaining the excitations from thosethat have already been captured. Simulations for a ring of four sites reveal apeak power enhancement by up to a factor of 35 under ambient conditions owingto a combination of ratcheting and the prevention of emission throughdark-state population. In the slow extraction limit the achievable powerenhancement due to ratcheting alone exceeds 20%.

Quantum-enhanced capture of photons using optical ratchet states