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We report herein an efficient and direct functionalization of the 4,9-positions of pyrene by Ir-catalyzed borylation. Three pinacol boronates (-Bpin), including 4-(Bpin)-2,7-di( tert-butyl)pyrene (5), 4,9- bis(Bpin)-2,7-di( tert-butyl)pyrene (6), and 4,10- bis(Bpin)-2,7-di( tert-butyl)pyrene (7), were synthesized. The structures of 6 and 7 have been confirmed by single-crystal X-ray diffraction. To demonstrate the utility of these compounds, donor (NPh 2 )-substituted compounds 4-diphenylamino-2,7-di( tert-butyl)pyrene (1) and 4,9- bis(diphenylamino)-2,7-di( tert-butyl)pyrene (2) have been synthesized on a gram scale. Acceptor (BMes 2 )-substituted compounds 4,9- bis(BMes 2 )pyrene (3) and 4,9- bis(BMes 2 )-1,2,3,6,7,8-hexahydropyrene (4) were synthesized for comparison. The photophysical and electrochemical properties of compounds 1-4 have been studied both experimentally and theoretically. The S 0 → S 1 ransitions of the 4- or 4,9-disubstituted pyrenes, 1-3, are allowed, with moderate fluorescence quantum yields and radiative decay rates. The photophysical and electrochemical properties of 1-3 were compared with the 2,6-naphthalenylene-cored compound 4 as well as the previously reported 2,7- and 1,6- pyrenylene-cored compounds.

Synthesis, Photophysical, and Electrochemical Properties of Pyrenes Substituted with Donors or Acceptors at the 4- or 4,9-Positions