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We present a structural and magnetic study on two batches of polycrystallineLiNi$_{0.8}$Mn$_{0.1}$Co$_{0.1}$O$_2$ (commonly known as Li NMC 811), a Ni-richLi ion battery cathode material, using elemental analysis, X-ray and neutrondiffraction, magnetometry, and polarised neutron scattering measurements. Wefind that the samples, labelled S1 and S2, have the compositionLi$_{1-x}$Ni$_{0.9+x-y}$Mn$_y$Co$_{0.1}$O$_2$, with $x = 0.025(2)$, $y =0.120(2)$ for S1 and $x = 0.002(2)$, $y = 0.094(2)$ for S2, corresponding todifferent concentrations of magnetic ions and excess Ni$^{2+}$ in theLi$^+$layers. Both samples show a peak in the zero-field cooled (ZFC) dcsusceptibility at 8.0(2) K but the temperature at which the ZFC and FC(field-cooled) curves deviate is substantially different: 64(2) K for S1 and122(2) K for S2. Ac susceptibility measurements show that the transition for S1shifts with frequency whereas no such shift is observed for S2 within theresolution of our measurements. Our results demonstrate the sample dependenceof magnetic properties in Li NMC 811, consistent with previous reports on theparent material LiNiO$_2$. We further establish that a combination ofexperimental techniques are necessary to accurately determine the chemicalcomposition of next generation battery materials with multiple cations.

Sample Dependence of Magnetism in the Next Generation Cathode Material LiNi$_{0.8}$Mn$_{0.1}$Co$_{0.1}$O$_2$