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The so-called Vegetation Red-Edge (VRE), a sharp increase in the reflectancearound $700 nm$, is a characteristic of vegetation spectra, and can thereforebe used as a biomarker if it can be detected in an unresolved extrasolarEarth-like planet integrated reflectance spectrum. Here we investigate thepotential for detection of vegetation spectra during the last Quaternaryclimatic extrema, the Last Glacial Maximum (LGM) and the Holocene optimum, forwhich past climatic simulations have been made. By testing the VREdetectability during these extrema when Earth's climate and biomes maps weredifferent from today, we are able to test the vegetation detectability on aterrestrial planet different from our modern Earth. Data from the Biome3.5model have been associated to visible GOME spectra for each biome and cloudcover to derive Earth's integrated spectra for given Earth phases and observerpositions. The VRE is then measured. Results show that the vegetation remainsdetectable during the last climatic extrema. Compared to current Earth, theHolocene optimum with a greener Sahara slightly increases the mean VRE on onehand, while on the other hand, the large ice cap over the northern Hemisphereduring the LGM decreases vegetation detectability. We finally discuss thedetectability of the VRE in the context of recently proposed space missions.

The Earth as an extrasolar planet: The vegetation spectral signature today and during the last Quaternary climatic extrema