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The presence of oxygen vacancy, as well as ordering of vacancies plays animportant role in determining the electronic, ionic and thermal transportproperties of many transition metal oxide materials. Controlling theconcentration of oxygen vacancies as well as the structures or domains ofordered oxygen vacancies has been the subject of many experimental andtheoretical studies. In epitaxial thin films, the concentration of oxygenvacancies as well as the type of ordering depends on the structure of thesupport as well as the lattice mismatch between the thin films and the support.The role of temperature induced structural phase transitions on the oxygenvacancy ordering has remained largely unexplored. Here, we useaberration-corrected scanning transmission electron microscopy (STEM) combinedwith an in-situ cooling experiments to characterize the atomic/electronicstructures of oxygen-deficient $La_{0.5}$$Sr_{0.5}$Co$O_{3-{\delta}}$ thinfilms grown on SrTi$O_{3}$ across the anti-ferrodistortive phase transition ofSrTi$O_{3}$ at 105 K. We demonstrate that atomic-resolution imaging andelectron energy-loss spectroscopy (EELS) can be used to examine variations inthe local density of states as a function of sample temperature and thus of thestructure of the support.

microscopy and microanalysis

Atomic-resolution study of oxygen vacancy ordering in  $La_{0.5}$$Sr_{0.5}$Co$O_{3-{\delta}}$ thin films on SrTi$O_{3}$ during  in-situ cooling experiments