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A runaway avalanche can result in a conversion of the initial plasma currentinto a relativistic electron beam in high current tokamak disruptions. Weinvestigate the effect of massive material injection of deuterium-noble gasmixtures on the coupled dynamics of runaway generation, resistive diffusion ofthe electric field, and temperature evolution during disruptions in the DTphase of ITER operations. We explore the dynamics over a wide range of injectedconcentrations and find substantial runaway currents, unless the current quenchtime is intolerably long. The reason is that the cooling associated with theinjected material leads to high induced electric fields that, in combinationwith a significant recombination of hydrogen isotopes, leads to a largeavalanche generation. Balancing Ohmic heating and radiation losses providesqualitative insights into the dynamics, however, an accurate modeling of thetemperature evolution based on energy balance appears crucial for quantitativepredictions.

Runaway dynamics in the DT phase of ITER operations in the presence of massive material injection