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Acoustic solitons obtained through a reductive perturbation scheme arenormally governed by a Korteweg-de Vries (KdV) equation. In multispeciesplasmas at critical compositions the coefficient of the quadratic nonlinearityvanishes. Extending the analytic treatment then leads to a modified KdV (mKdV)equation, which is characterized by a cubic nonlinearity and is even in theelectrostatic potential. The mKdV equation admits solitons having oppositeelectrostatic polarities, in contrast to KdV solitons which can only be of onepolarity at a time. A Hirota formalism has been used to derive the two-solitonsolution. That solution covers not only the interaction of same-polaritysolitons but also the collision of compressive and rarefactive solitons. Forthe visualisation of the solutions, the focus is on the details of theinteraction region. A novel and detailed discussion is included of typicalelectric field signatures that are often observed in ionospheric andmagnetospheric plasmas. It is argued that these signatures can be attributed tosolitons and their interactions. As such, they have received little attention.

Collisions of acoustic solitons and their electric fields in plasmas at critical compositions