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A METHOD for the preservation of antisera by desiccation has been described by Hartley et al. (1923). This method has been extensively modified by Hartley (1936), who has described a technique whereby sterile serum is dried in a vacuum over P2O5. He has obtained by his process dry stable preparations of antitoxins, anti-pneumococcus serum, agglutinating and precipitating antisera, the toxins of diphtheria, scarlet fever and B. dysenteriae (Shiga), and complement. According to this method, 80-100 ampoules of serum are put into a desiccator which contains a large dish of P2O6, the pressure in the desiccator is reduced slowly until small bubbles appear in the fluid, when the desiccator is closed to permit dissolved gases to escape without boiling. The next day the pressure is further reduced, a high vacuum pump being used in the final stages of evacuation. A scaly stage of dryness is reached in 1-5 days, according to the volume of fluid; the P2O5 is then renewed and desiccation is continued until a selected number of ampoules show no further loss of weight. The ampoules are then sealed and preserved at a low temperature. The dried material is readily soluble, solution being facilitated by warming to 37° C. If small quantities only of serum are to be dried, the contents of the ampoules are frozen before introduction into the desiccator, and the pressure is reduced rapidly, the serum remaining in the solid state throughout the drying process. In the case of complement, 3-5 g. of NaCl are added to each 100 c.c. of fresh guinea-pig serum, which is frozen before desiccation. Comparative tests of the original solutions and solutions of the dried products have shown that very little or no loss of specific activity occurs as a result of desiccation.

A Simple Method for the Preservation of Sera by Desiccation in the Frozen State Without the use of Refrigerants