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We present a study of scintillation induced by the mid-latitude ionosphere.By implementing methods currently used in Interplanetary Scintillation studiesto measure amplitude scintillation at low frequencies, we have proven it ispossible to use the Murchison Widefield Array to study ionosphericscintillation in the weak regime, which is sensitive to structures on scales$\sim$300 m at our observing frequency of 154 MHz, where the phase variance onthis scale was 0.06 rad$^{2}$ in the most extreme case observed. Analysing over1000 individual 2-minute observations, we compared the ionospheric phasevariance with that inferred with previous measurements of refractive shifts,which are most sensitive to scales almost an order of magnitude larger. The twomeasurements were found to be highly correlated (Pearson correlationcoefficient 0.71). We observed that for an active ionosphere, the relationshipbetween these two metrics is in line with what would be expected if theionosphere's structure is described by Kolmogorov turbulence between therelevant scales of 300m and 2000m. In the most extreme ionospheric conditions,the refractive shifts were sometimes found to underestimate the small-scalevariance by a factor of four or more, and it is these ionospheric conditionsthat could have significant effects on radio astronomy observations.

A measurement of small-scale features using ionospheric scintillation. Comparison with refractive shift measurements