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We present the first unbiased survey of neutral hydrogen (HI) absorption inthe Small Magellanic Cloud (SMC). The survey utilises pilot HI observationswith the Australian Square Kilometre Array Pathfinder (ASKAP) telescope as partof the Galactic ASKAP HI (GASKAP-HI) project whose dataset has been processedwith the GASKAP-HI absorption pipeline, also described here. This datasetprovides absorption spectra towards 229 continuum sources, a 275% increase inthe number of continuum sources previously published in the SMC region, as wellas an improvement in the quality of absorption spectra over previous surveys ofthe SMC. Our unbiased view, combined with the closely matched beam size betweenemission and absorption, reveals a lower cold gas faction (11%) than the 2019ATCA survey of the SMC and is more representative of the SMC as a whole. Wealso find that the optical depth varies greatly between the SMC's bar and wingregions. In the bar we find that the optical depth is generally low (correctionfactor to the optically thin column density assumption of $\mathcal{R}_{\rm HI}\sim 1.04$) but increases linearly with column density. In the wing however,there is a wide scatter in optical depth despite a tighter range of columndensities.

GASKAP-HI Pilot Survey Science III: An unbiased view of cold gas in the Small Magellanic Cloud