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Next-generation spectro-polarimetric broadband surveys will probe cosmicmagnetic fields in unprecedented detail, using the magneto-optical effect knownas Faraday rotation. However, non-parametric methods such as RMCLEAN canintroduce non-observable linearly polarized flux into a fitted model atnegative wavelengths squared. This leads to Faraday rotation structures thatare consistent with the observed data, but would be impossible or difficult tomeasure. We construct a convex non-parametric $QU$-fitting algorithm toconstrain the flux at negative wavelengths squared to be zero. This allows thealgorithm to recover structures that are limited in complexity to theobservable region in wavelength squared. We verify this approach on simulatedbroadband data sets where we show that it has a lower root mean square errorand that it can change the scientific conclusions for real observations. Weadvise using this prior in next-generation broadband surveys that aim touncover complex Faraday depth structures. We provide a public Pythonimplementation of the algorithm at\url{https://github.com/Luke-Pratley/Faraday-Dreams}.

Removing non-physical structure in fitted Faraday rotated signals: non-parametric QU-fitting