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With the recent discovery of a dozen dusty star-forming galaxies and around30 quasars at z>5 that are hyper-luminous in the infrared ($\mu$$L_{\rmIR}>10^{13}$ L$_{\odot}$, where $\mu$ is a lensing magnification factor), thepossibility has opened up for SPICA, the proposed ESA M5 mid-/far-infraredmission, to extend its spectroscopic studies toward the epoch of reionizationand beyond. In this paper, we examine the feasibility and scientific potentialof such observations with SPICA's far-infrared spectrometer SAFARI, which willprobe a spectral range (35-230 $\mu$m) that will be unexplored by ALMA andJWST. Our simulations show that SAFARI is capable of delivering good-qualityspectra for hyper-luminous infrared galaxies (HyLIRGs) at z=5-10, allowing usto sample spectral features in the rest-frame mid-infrared and to investigate ahost of key scientific issues, such as the relative importance of starformation versus AGN, the hardness of the radiation field, the level ofchemical enrichment, and the properties of the molecular gas. From a broaderperspective, SAFARI offers the potential to open up a new frontier in the studyof the early Universe, providing access to uniquely powerful spectral featuresfor probing first-generation objects, such as the key cooling lines oflow-metallicity or metal-free forming galaxies (fine-structure and H2 lines)and emission features of solid compounds freshly synthesized by Population IIIsupernovae. Ultimately, SAFARI's ability to explore the high-redshift Universewill be determined by the availability of sufficiently bright targets (whetherintrinsically luminous or gravitationally lensed). With its launch expectedaround 2030, SPICA is ideally positioned to take full advantage of upcomingwide-field surveys such as LSST, SKA, Euclid, and WFIRST, which are likely toprovide extraordinary targets for SAFARI.

Probing the High-Redshift Universe with SPICA: Toward the Epoch of Reionization and Beyond