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Dynamic stall on airfoils negatively impacts their aerodynamic performanceand can lead to structural damage. Accurate prediction and modelling of thedynamic stall loads are crucial for a more robust design of wings and bladesthat operate under unsteady conditions susceptible to dynamic stall and forwidening the range of operation of these lifting surfaces. Many dynamic stallmodels rely on empirical parameters that need to be obtained from experimentalor numerical data which limits their generalisability. Here, we introducephysically derived times scales to replace the empirical parameters in theGoman-Khrabrov dynamic stall model. The physics-based time constants correspondto the dynamic stall delay and the decay rate of post-stall load fluctuations.The dynamic stall delay is largely independent of the type of the motion, theReynolds number, and the airfoil geometry and is described as a function of anormalised instantaneous pitch rate. The post-stall decay rate is independentof the motion kinematics and is directly related to the Strouhal number of thepost-stall vortex shedding. The general validity of our physics-based timeconstants is demonstrated using three sets of experimental dynamic stall datacovering various airfoil profiles, Reynolds numbers varying from 75'000 to1'000'000, and sinusoidal and ramp-up pitching motions. The use ofphysics-based time constants generalises the Goman-Khrabrov dynamic stall modeland extends its range of application.

All you need is time to generalise the Goman-Khrabrov dynamic stall model