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Liquid-infused surfaces (LIS) can reduce friction drag in both laminar andturbulent flows. However, the heat transfer properties of such multi-phasesurfaces have still not been investigated to a large extent. We use numericalsimulations to study conjugate heat transfer of liquid-filled grooves. It isshown that heat transfer can increase for both laminar and turbulent liquidflows due to recirculation in the surface texture. For the increase to besubstantial, the thermal conductivity of the solid must be similar to thethermal conductivity of the fluids, and the recirculation in the grooves mustbe sufficiently strong (P\'eclet number larger than 1). The ratio of thesurface cavity to the system height is an upper limit of the directcontribution from the recirculation. While this ratio can be significant forlaminar flows in microchannels, it is limited for turbulent flows, where thesystem scale (e.g. channel height) usually is much larger than the textureheight. However, heat transfer enhancement on the order of $10\%$ is observed(with a net drag reduction) in a turbulent channel flow at a friction Reynoldsnumber $Re_\tau \approx 180$. It is shown that the turbulent convection in thebulk can be enhanced indirectly from the recirculation in the grooves.

Heat transfer increase by convection in liquid-infused surfaces for laminar and turbulent flows