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Vibration-based flow energy harvesting enables robust, in-situ energyextraction for low-power applications, such as distributed sensor networks.Fluid-structure instabilities dictate a harvester's viability since thestructural response to the flow determines its power output. Previous work on aflextensional-based flow energy harvester demonstrated that an elastic memberwithin a converging-diverging channel is susceptible to the aeroelasticflutter. This work explores the mechanism driving flutter through experimentsand simulations. A model is then developed based on channel flow-ratemodulation and considering the effects of both normal and spanwise flowconfinement on the instability. Linear stability analysis of the modelreplicates flutter onset, critical frequency, and mode shapes observed inexperiments. The model suggests that flow modulation through the channel throatis the principal mechanism for the fluid-induced vibration. The generalizedmodel presented can serve as the foundation of design parameter exploration forenergy harvesters, perhaps leading to more powerful devices in the future, butalso to other similar flow geometries where the flutter instability arises inan elastic member within a narrow flow passage.

Flutter Instability in an Internal Flow Energy Harvester