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In liquid spray applications, the sprays are often created by the formationand destabilization of a liquid sheet or jet. The disadvantage of suchatomization processes is that the breakup is often highly irregular, causing abroad distribution of droplet sizes. As these sizes are controlled by theligament corrugation and size, a monodisperse spray should consist of ligamentsthat are both smooth and of equal size. A straightforward way of creatingsmooth and equally sized ligaments is by droplet impact on a mesh. In this workwe show that this approach does however not produce monodisperse droplets, butinstead the droplet size distribution is very broad, with a large number ofsmall satellite drops. We demonstrate that the fragmentation is controlled by ajet instability, where initial perturbations caused by the injection processresult in long-wavelength disturbances that determine the final ligamentbreakup. During destabilization the crests of these disturbances are connectedby thin ligaments which are the leading cause of the large number of smalldroplets. A secondary coalescence process, due to small relative velocitiesbetween droplets, partly masks this effect by reducing the amount of smalldroplets. Of the many parameters in this system, we describe the effect ofvarying the mesh size, mesh rigidity, impact velocity, wetting properties,keeping the liquid properties the same by focusing on water droplets only. Wefurther perform Lattice Boltzmann modeling of the impact process thatreproduces key features seen in the experimental data.

Sprays from droplets impacting a mesh