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The local granular rheology is investigated numerically in turbulent bedloadtransport. Considering spherical particles, steady uniform configurations aresimulated using a coupled fluid-discrete-element model. The stress tensor iscomputed as a function of the depth for a series of simulations varying theShields number, the specific density and the particle diameter. The results areanalyzed in the framework of the $\mu(I)$ rheology and exhibit a collapse ofboth the shear to normal stress ratio and the solid volume fraction over a widerange of inertial numbers. Contrary to expectations, the effect of theinterstitial fluid on the granular rheology is shown to be negligible,supporting recent work suggesting the absence of a clear transition between thefree-fall and turbulent regime. In addition, data collapse is observed up tounexpectedly high inertial numbers $I\sim2$, challenging the existingconceptions and parametrization of the $\mu(I)$ rheology. Focusing upon bedloadtransport modelling, the results are pragmatically analyzed in the $\mu(I)$framework in order to propose a granular rheology for bedload transport. Theproposed rheology is tested using a 1D volume-averaged two-phase continuousmodel, and is shown to accurately reproduce the dense granular flow profilesand the sediment transport rate over a wide range of Shields numbers. Thepresent contribution represents a step in the upscaling process fromparticle-scale simulations toward large-scale applications involving complexflow geometry.

Dense granular flow rheology in turbulent bedload transport