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Gravity wave turbulence is studied experimentally in a large wave basin whereirregular waves are generated unidirectionally. The role of the basin boundaryconditions (absorbing or reflecting) and of the forcing properties areinvestigated. To that purpose, an absorbing sloping beach opposite to thewavemaker can be replaced by a reflecting vertical wall. We observe that thewave field properties depend strongly on these boundary conditions. Quasi-onedimensional field of nonlinear waves propagate before to be damped by the beachwhereas a more multidirectional wave field is observed with the wall. In bothcases, the wave spectrum scales as a frequency-power law with an exponent thatincreases continuously with the forcing amplitude up to a value close to -4,which is the value predicted by the weak turbulence theory. The physicalmechanisms involved are probably different according to the boundary conditionused, but cannot be easily discriminated with only temporal measurements. Wehave also studied freely decaying gravity wave turbulence in the closed basin.No self-similar decay of the spectrum is observed, whereas its Fourier modesdecay first as a time power law due to nonlinear mechanisms, and thenexponentially due to linear viscous damping. We estimate the linear, nonlinearand dissipative time scales to test the time scale separation that highlightsthe important role of a large scale Fourier mode. By estimation of the meanenergy flux from the initial decay of wave energy, the Kolmogorov-Zakharovconstant is evaluated and found to be compatible with a recent theoreticalvalue.

Role of the basin boundary conditions in gravity wave turbulence