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Stretching in continuum mechanics is naturally described using theCauchy-Green strain tensors. These tensors quantify the Lagrangian stretchingexperienced by a material element, and provide a powerful way to studyprocesses in turbulent fluid flows that involve stretching such as vortexstretching and alignment of anisotropic particles. Analyzing data from asimulation of isotropic turbulence, we observe preferential alignment betweenanisotropic particles and vorticity. We show that this alignment arises becauseboth of these quantities independently tend to align with the strongestLagrangian stretching direction, as defined by the maximum eigenvector of theleft Cauchy-Green strain tensor. In particular, anisotropic particles approachalmost perfect alignment with the strongest stretching direction. The alignmentof vorticity with stretching is weaker, but still much stronger than previouslyobserved alignment of vorticity with the eigenvectors of the Eulerian strainrate tensor. The alignment of strong vorticity is almost the same as that ofrods that have experienced the same stretching.

Alignment of vorticity and rods with Lagrangian fluid stretching in turbulence