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well as the conflicting objectives of American textile importers and American textile producers. Also highly relevant were U.S. foreign policy objectives strongly supported by President Bill Clinton, both advancing labor standards in U. S. trade relations and supporting Cambodia’s “emergence from the wilderness” in 1996. The challenges of establishing respect for workers’ rights through improved labor laws, in a country which never really considered workers’ interests significant until they were faced with the loss of tariff preferences under the Generalized System of Preferences (GSP), were extreme. U.S. unions opposed Johnson’s “carrot” approach that would have rewarded Cambodia with an increased textile quota for progress on worker rights. Textile importers wanted increased imports regardless of labor issues, while the American textile industry opposed imports more generally. The ultimate package followed the carrot approach and depended on training by the International Labor Organization (ILO) in Cambodia (largely financed by the United States) and regular assessments by the American Embassy in PhnomPenh. A package that survived for six years, until Cambodia became amember of the WTO in 2004, and in principle for some years thereafter because of that nation’s generally good record on labor rights,13 was attractive to many U.S. importers, such as GAP and Levi Strauss, and was successful, despite competing interests, unbalanced reporting by the Wall Street Journal, and some unhappy members of Congress. Johnson is justly proud of his pivotal role in constructing a mechanism that the Carnegie Endowment for International Peace concluded “has been one of the most successful and cost-effective programs to promote worker rights abroad the US government has ever funded” (p. 503).14 Among the broader lessons offered by this example, Johnson concludes:

american journal of international law

Beyond Human Rights: The Legal Status of the Individual in International Law. By Anne Peters. Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press, 2016. Pp. xxxv, 602. Index.