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The principal hypothesis of this article is that an optimal combination is unlikely to be realized between two families of solutions, curative or preventive, able to reduce non-point pollution of agricultural origin, and that the problem of choosing between these solutions is unavoidable: it has to be interpretated in terms of a technical and social bifurcation, of weak or strong sustainability. One can show that a combination of curative or preventive solutions, even though it seems ideal, is not a practical proposition. On the one hand, they are carried out by actors that follow the logic of opposed nature; on the other hand, they are not strictly substitutable because their technical pre-conditions time horizons, and effectiveness are different. They are made up of two separate decision-making and technico-economic logics that are spontaneously difficult to integrate. The first part examines the propositions in environmental economics for reducing non-point source pollution and to challenge the proposed solutions. The second part analyses the goals of curative and preventive solutions, the different levels and time horizons of their effectiveness for restoring or preserving water quality. The third part compares the respective costs of these two families of solutions, based on different scenarios constructed at La Cote-Saint-Andre (Isere).

Curative or preventive solutions to water non-point source pollution? An approach to water resource sustainability.