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Emphysema is one of the most prevalent disabling diseases, not modified by current medical treatment and physical rehabilitation. Lung transplantation is an effective clinical option in end-stage emphysema but it is available only for a limited number of patients. Bullectomy and lung volume reduction represent other surgical options to improve symptoms and exercise tolerance in selected patients. Both procedures allow the removal of the area of emphysematous lung resulting in improvement in chest wall mechanics, ventilation/perfusion ratio and re-expansion and better function of the residual lung. There is some evidence that in patients with end-stage emphysema bullectomy and lung volume reduction work in the same manner and yield similar functional results.

Bullectomy is comparable to lung volume reduction in patients with end-stage emphysema