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There is a widespread perception that pharmaceutical R&D is facing aproductivity crisis characterised by stagnation in the numbers of new drugapprovals in the face of increasing R&D costs. This study explorespharmaceutical R&D dynamics by examining the publication activities of all R&Dlaboratories of the major European and US pharmaceutical firms during theperiod 1995-2009. The empirical findings present an industry intransformation.In the first place, we observe a decline of the total number ofpublications by large firms. Second, we show a relative increase of theirexternal collaborations suggesting a tendency to outsource, and adiversification of the disciplinary base, in particular towards computation,health services and more clinical approaches. Also evident is a more pronounceddecline in publications by both R&D laboratories located in Europe and by firmswith European headquarters. Finally, while publications by Big Pharma inemerging economies sharply increase, they remain extremely low compared withthose in developed countries. In summary, the trend in this transformation isone of a gradual decrease in internal research efforts and increasing relianceon external research. These empirical insights support the view that largepharmaceutical firms are increasingly becoming networks integrators rather thanthe prime locus of drug discovery.

Big Pharma, little science? A bibliometric perspective on big pharma's R&D decline