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The electrocaloric (EC) effect is calculated for Gd-substituted PMN (x = 0 to0.1) relaxors from temperature dependent heat capacity and polarizationmeasurements, using a thermodynamic Maxwell equation. Polarization change withtemperature reveals an anomalous behaviour around the glass transitiontemperature, which is in the vicinity of a crossover from positive to negativeEC effect, which is explained evoking the critical slowing-down of the polarnano-domains dynamics to super-dipolar glass state upon cooling. The maximumnegative EC coefficient is observed to decrease from 0.4 K-mm/kV at 164 K to0.1 K-mm/kV with x.

Bipolar electrocaloric effect in Pb1-xGdx(Mg1+x/3Nb2-x/3)O3 ceramic: relaxor with super-dipolar glass state