English (United Kingdom)

https://curated-unify.zendy.io/wp-json/zendy-region/v1/featured_content/oa?rat=en

https://curated-unify.zendy.io/wp-json/zendy-region/v1/highlighted_journal/

Zendy Plus

Presents the access of premium content as premium feature

Premium Content

Presents the keyphrase highlighting as premium feature

Keyphrase Highlighting

Presents the summarisation as premium feature

Summarisation

Insights

Presents the pdf analysis as premium feature

PDF Analysis

Presents the zaia usage as premium feature

ZAIA

Zendy Tools

Zendy Open

The occurrence of the extensively used herbicide diuron in the environmentposes a severe threat to the ecosystem and human health. Four differentligninolytic fungi were studied as biodegradation candidates for the removal ofdiuron. Among them, T. versicolor was the most effective species, degradingrapidly not only diuron (83%) but also the major metabolite 3,4-dichloroaniline(100%), after 7-day incubation. During diuron degradation, five transformationproducts (TPs) were found to be formed and the structures for three of them aretentatively proposed. According to the identified TPs, a hydroxylatedintermediate 3-(3,4-dichlorophenyl)-1-hydroxymethyl-1-methylurea (DCPHMU) wasfurther metabolized into the N-dealkylated compounds3-(3,4-dichlorophenyl)-1-methylurea (DCPMU) and 3,4-dichlorophenylurea (DCPU).The discovery of DCPHMU suggests a relevant role of hydroxylation forsubsequent N-demethylation, helping to better understand the main reactionmechanisms of diuron detoxification. Experiments also evidenced thatdegradation reactions may occur intracellularly and be catalyzed by thecytochrome P450 system. A response surface method, established by centralcomposite design, assisted in evaluating the effect of operational variables ina trickle-bed bioreactor immobilized with T. versicolor on diuron removal. Thebest performance was obtained at low recycling ratios and influent flow rates.Furthermore, results indicate that the contact time between the contaminant andimmobilized fungi plays a crucial role in diuron removal. This study representsa pioneering step forward amid techniques for bioremediation ofpesticides-contaminated waters using fungal reactors at a real scale.

the science of the total environment

Fungal bioremediation of diuron-contaminated waters: evaluation of its  degradation and the effect of amendable factors on its removal in a  trickle-bed reactor under non-sterile conditions