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Biological removal of nitrogen in artificial domestic water was investigated using immobilized microbes, which were activated sludge and denitrifying sludge directly entrapped in polyvinylalcohol (PVA) gel beads in a suspended bead reactor (SBR). Immobilization was transformed into bioaugmented processes to enhance the removal efficiency to pollutants. Optimal environment should be provided for the bioaugmented bacteria during systems'start-up. In the present research, proper dissolved oxygen (DO) concentration, pH, and temperature were controled as a crucial environmental factor on the performances of the immobilized systems. Results showed that the system was efficient in CODCr removal with TN removal efficiency over 85%. This was the first attempt to evaluate the characters of immobilized sludge system in which shortcut nitrification and denitrification occurred

Preliminary study of Shortcut Nitrification and Denitrification Using Immobilized of Mixed Activated Sludge and Denitrifying Sludge