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In this paper we introduce the concept of what we call "NUDAR" (NeUtrinoDirection and Ranging), making the point that measurements of the observedenergy and direction vectors can be employed to passively deduce the exactthree-dimensional location and thermal power of geophysical and anthropogenicneutrino sources from even a single detector. We present the most precisebackground estimates to date, all handled in full three dimensions, asfunctions of depth and geographical location. For the present calculations, weconsider a hypothetical 138 kiloton detector which can be transported to anocean site and deployed to an operational depth. We present a Bayesianestimation framework to incorporate any a priori knowledge of the reactor thatwe are trying to detect, as well as the estimated uncertainty in the backgroundand the oscillation parameters. Most importantly, we fully employ the knowledgeof the reactor spectrum and the distance-dependent effects of neutrinooscillations on such spectra. The latter, in particular, makes possibledetermination of range from one location, given adequate signal statistics.Further, we explore the rich potential of improving detection with even modestimprovements in individual neutrino direction determination. We conclude that a300 MWth reactor can indeed be geolocated, and its operating power estimatedwith one or two detectors in the hundred kiloton class at ranges out to a fewhundred kilometers. We note that such detectors would have natural andnon-interfering utility for scientific studies of geo-neutrinos, neutrinooscillations, and astrophysical neutrinos. This motivates the development ofcost effective methods of constructing and deploying such next generationdetectors.

Theoretical Antineutrino Detection, Direction and Ranging at Long Distances