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The centrality dependence of the $p/\pi$ ratio measured by the ALICECollaboration in 5.02 TeV Pb-Pb collisions indicates a statisticallysignificant suppression with the increase of the charged particle multiplicityonce the centrality-correlated part of the systematic uncertainty is eliminatedfrom the data. We argue that this behavior can be attributed to baryonannihilation in the hadronic phase. By implementing the $B\bar{B}\leftrightarrow 5\pi$ reaction within a generalized partial chemicalequilibrium framework, we estimate the annihilation freeze-out temperature atdifferent centralities, which decreases with increasing charged multiplicityand yields $T_{\rm ann} = 132 \pm 5$ MeV in 0-5% most central collisions. Thisvalue is considerably below the hadronization temperature of $T_{\rm had} \sim160$ MeV but above the thermal (kinetic) freeze-out temperature of $T_{\rm kin}\sim 100$ MeV. Baryon annihilation reactions thus remain relevant in theinitial stage of the hadronic phase but freeze out before (pseudo-)elastichadronic scatterings. One experimentally testable consequence of this pictureis a suppression of various light nuclei to proton ratios in central collisionsof heavy ions.

Centrality dependence of proton and light nuclei yields as a consequence of baryon annihilation in the hadronic phase