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The production of prompt $D^{0}$, $D^{+}_{\rm s}$, and $\Lambda_{\rm c}^{+}$hadrons, and their ratios, $D^{+}_{\rm s}$/$D^{0}$ and $\Lambda_{\rmc}^{+}$/$D^{0}$, are measured in proton-proton collisions at $\sqrt{s}$ = 13TeV at midrapidity ($|y| <0.5$) with the ALICE detector at the LHC. Themeasurements are performed as a function of the charm-hadron transversemomentum ($p_{\rm T}$) in intervals of charged-particle multiplicity, measuredwith two multiplicity estimators covering different pseudorapidity regions.While the strange to non-strange $D^{+}_{\rm s}$/$D^{0}$ ratio indicates nosignificant multiplicity dependence, the baryon-to-meson $p_{\rmT}$-differential $\Lambda_{\rm c}^{+}$/$D^{0}$ ratio shows amultiplicity-dependent enhancement, with a significance of 5.3$\sigma$ for $1<p_{\rm T} < 12$ GeV/$c$, comparing the highest multiplicity interval withrespect to the lowest one. The measurements are compared with a theoreticalmodel that explains the multiplicity dependence by a canonical treatment ofquantum charges in the statistical hadronisation approach, and with predictionsfrom event generators that implement colour reconnection mechanisms beyond theleading colour approximation to model the hadronisation process. The$\Lambda_{\rm c}^{+}$/$D^{0}$ ratios as a function of $p_{\rm T}$ present asimilar shape and magnitude as the $\Lambda/K^{0}_{s}$ ratios in comparablemultiplicity intervals, suggesting a potential common mechanism for light- andcharm-hadron formation, with analogous multiplicity dependence. The $p_{\rmT}$-integrated ratios, extrapolated down to $p_{\rm T}$=0, do not show asignificant dependence on multiplicity within the uncertainties.

physics letters b

Observation of a multiplicity dependence in the $p_{\rm T}$-differential  charm baryon-to-meson ratios in proton-proton collisions at $\sqrt{s} = 13$  TeV