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The first measurements of the production of muons and electrons fromheavy-flavour hadron decays in Xe-Xe collisions at $\sqrt{s_{\rm NN}}$ = 5.44TeV, using the ALICE detector at the LHC, are reported. The measurement of thenuclear modification factor $R_{\rm AA}$ is performed as a function oftransverse momentum $p_{\rm T}$ in several centrality classes at forwardrapidity ($2.5 < y <4$) and midrapidity ($\vert y \vert < 0.8$) for muons andelectrons from heavy-flavour hadron decays, respectively. A suppression by afactor up to about 2.5 compared to the binary-scaled pp reference is observedin central collisions at both central and forward rapidities. The $R_{\rm AA}$of muons from heavy-flavour hadron decays is compared to previous measurementsin Pb-Pb collisions at $\sqrt{s_{\rm NN}}$ = 5.02 TeV. When the nuclearmodification factors are compared in the centrality classes 0-10% for Xe-Xecollisions and 10-20% for Pb-Pb collisions, which have similar charged-particlemultiplicity density, a similar suppression, with $R_{\rm AA} \sim 0.4$ in the$p_{\rm T}$ interval $4 < p_{\rm T} < 8$ GeV/$c$, is observed. The comparisonof the measured $R_{\rm AA}$ values in the two collision systems brings newinsights on the properties of the quark-gluon plasma by investigating thesystem-size and path-length dependence of medium-induced parton energy loss.The results of muons and electrons from heavy-flavour hadron decays provide newconstraints to model calculations.

Inclusive heavy-flavour production at central and forward rapidity in Xe-Xe collisions at $\sqrt{s_{\rm NN}}=5.44$ TeV