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The effect of nuclear interactions on measurable net-proton numberfluctuations in heavy ion collisions at the SIS18/GSI accelerator isinvestigated. The state of the art UrQMD model including interaction potentialsis employed. It is found that the nuclear forces enhance the baryon numbercumulants, as predicted from grand canonical thermodynamical models. The effecthowever is smeared out for proton number fluctuations due to iso-spinrandomization and global baryon number conservation, which decreases thecumulant ratios. For a rapidity acceptance window larger than $\Delta y> 0.4$the effects of global baryon number conservation dominate and all cumulantratios are significantly smaller than 1.

Nuclear interactions and net-proton number fluctuations in heavy ion collisions at the SIS18 accelerator