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Recently the experimentalists in [PRL 116, 042501 (2016)] announced observingan unexpected enhancement of the electron-positron pair production signal inone of the Beryllium-8 nuclear transitions. The following studies have beenfocused on possible explanations based on introducing new types of particle. Inthis work, we improve the nuclear physics modeling of the reaction by studyingthe pair emission anisotropy and the interferences between different multipolesin an effective field theory inspired framework, and examine their possiblerelevance to the anomaly. The connection between the previously measuredon-shell photon production and the pair production in the same nucleartransitions is established. These improvements, absent in the originalexperimental analysis, should be included in extracting new particle'sproperties from the experiment of this type. We then study the possibility ofusing the nuclear transition form factor to explain the anomaly. The reductionof the anomaly's significance by simply rescaling our predicted event count isalso investigated.

Can nuclear physics explain the anomaly observed in the internal pair production in the Beryllium-8 nucleus?