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Within the Standard Model, the weak interaction of quarks and leptons ischaracterized by certain symmetry properties, such as maximal breaking ofparity and favored helicity. These are related to the $V-A$ structure of theweak interaction. These characteristics were discovered by studyingcorrelations in the directions of the outgoing leptons in nuclear beta decays.These days, correlation measurements in nuclear beta decays are intensivelystudied to probe for signatures for deviations from these symmetries, which arean indication of Beyond Standard Model physics. We show that the structure ofthe energy spectrum of emitted electrons in unique first-forbidden$\beta$-decays is sensitive to the symmetries of the weak interaction, and thuscan be used as a novel probe of physics beyond the standard model. Furthermore,the energy spectrum gives constraints both in the case of right and leftcoupling of the new symmetry currents. We show that a measurement with modestenergy resolution of about 20 keV is expected to lead to new constraints onbeyond the standard model interactions with tensor symmetry.

Beta spectrum of unique first-forbidden decays as a novel test for fundamental symmetries