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We analyze the rapidity and transverse momentum dependence for the cumulantsof the net-proton and net-baryon distributions in Au+Au collisions at$\sqrt{s_{\text{NN}}} = 5\,\text{GeV}$ with a microscopic hadronic transport(JAM) model. To study the effects of mean field potential and softening ofequation of state (EoS) on the fluctuations of net-proton (baryon) in heavy-ioncollisions, the calculations are performed with two different modes. Thesoftening of EoS is realized in the model by implementing the attractive orbitin the two-body scattering to introduce a reduction pressure of the system. Bycomparing the results from the two modes with the results from default cascade,we find the mean field potential and softening of EoS have strong impacts onthe rapidity distributions ($\text{d}N/\text{d}y$) and the shape of thenet-proton (baryon) multiplicity distributions. The net-proton (baryon)cumulants and their ratios calculated from all of the three modes are withsimilar trends and show significant suppression with respect to unity, whichcan be explained by the presence of baryon number conservations. It indicatesthat the effects of mean field potential and softening of EoS might be not theingredients that are responsible to the observed strong enhancement in the mostcentral Au+Au collisions at 7.7 GeV measured by the STAR experiment at RHIC.

physics letters b

Effects of Nuclear Potential on the Cumulants of Net-Proton and  Net-Baryon Multiplicity Distributions in Au+Au Collisions at  $\sqrt{s_{\text{NN}}} = 5\,\text{GeV}$