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We study the evolution of the quark-gluon composition of the plasma createdin ultra-Relativistic Heavy-Ion Collisions (uRHIC's) employing a partonictransport theory that includes both elastic and inelastic collisions plus amean fields dynamics associated to the widely used quasi-particle model. Thelatter, able to describe lattice QCD thermodynamics, implies a "chemical"equilibrium ratio between quarks and gluons strongly increasing as$T\rightarrow T_c$, the phase transition temperature. Accordingly we see inrealistic simulations of uRHIC's a rapid evolution from a gluon dominatedinitial state to a quark dominated plasma close to $T_c$. The quark to gluonratio can be modified by about a factor of $\sim 20$ in the bulk of the systemand appears to be large also in the high $p_T$ region.  We discuss how this aspect, often overflown, can be important for aquantitative study of several key issues in the QGP physics: shear viscosity,jet quenching, quarkonia suppression. Furthermore a bulk plasma made by morethan $80\%$ of quarks plus antiquarks provides a theoretical basis forhadronization via quark coalescence.

Quark-to-gluon composition of the quark-gluon plasma in relativistic heavy-ion collisions