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Several recent papers discuss gravitational corrections to gauge couplingsthat depend quadratically on the energy. In the framework of thebackground-field approach, these correspond in general to adding to theeffective action terms quadratic in the field strength but with higher-orderspace-time derivatives. We observe that such terms can be removed byappropriate local field redefinitions, and do not contribute to physicalscattering-matrix elements. We illustrate this observation in the context ofopen string theory, where the effective action includes, among other terms, thewell-known Born-Infeld form of non-linear electrodynamics. We conclude that thequadratically energy-dependent gravitational corrections are \emph{not}physical in the sense of contributing to the running of a physically-measurablegauge coupling, or of unifying couplings as in string theory.

On the Interpretation of Gravitational Corrections to Gauge Couplings