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We study how much the efficiency of a solar cell as a quantum heat enginecould be enhanced by quantum coherence. In contrast to the conventionalapproach that a quantum heat engine is in thermal equilibrium with both hot andcold reservoirs, we propose a new description that the quantum heat engine isin the cold reservoir and the thermal radiation from the hot reservoir isdescribed by the pumping term in the master equation. This pumping term solvesthe problem of the incorrect mean photon number of the hot reservoir assumed bythe previous studies. By solving the master equation, we obtain thecurrent-voltage and the power-voltage curves of the photocell for differentpumping rates. We find that, as the photon flux increases, the power output ofthe photocell increases linearly at first and then becomes saturated, but theefficiency decreases rapidly. It is demonstrated that while the power output isenhanced significantly by the quantum coherence via the dark state of thecoupled donors, the improvement of the efficiency is not significant.

How Much is the Efficiency of Solar Cells Enhanced by Quantum Coherence?