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Outer resonances are studied as one type of quasinormal modes intwo-dimensional dielectric cavities with refractive index $n>1$. The outerresonances can be verified as the resonances which survive only outside thecavity in the small opening limit of the dielectric disk. We have confirmedthat the outer resonances universally exist in deformed cavities irrespectiveof the geometry of cavity and they split into nearly degenerate states inslightly deformed cavity. Also we pointed out that the effective potentialanalogy is inapplicable to the description of outer resonances. Since mostouter resonances in the dielectric cavities have quite high leakages, theywould affect to the broad background in the density of states. Especially, forTE polarization case, relatively low-leaky outer resonances exist and itpresents the possibility that they can interact with the inner resonances andaffect lasing modes.

Outer Resonances and Effective Potential Analogy in Two-Dimensional Dielectric Cavities